The methods demonstrated in Innsbruck on an ion trap quantum computer can also be used on other architectures for quantum computers. The task now is to implement these methods on larger and hence more useful quantum computers. The physicists have now demonstrated all the building blocks for fault-tolerant computing on a quantum computer. “The effort and complexity increase, but the resulting quality is better.” The researchers also checked and confirmed their experimental results using numerical simulations on classical computers. This will introduce more errors on the scale of single atoms, but nevertheless the experimental operations on the logical qubits are better than non-fault-tolerant logical operations,” Thomas Monz is pleased to report. “The fault-tolerant implementation requires more operations than non-fault-tolerant operations. Thus, they have implemented the first fault-tolerant implementation of a universal set of gates on encoded logical quantum bits. The researchers have implemented operations on the logical qubits in such a way that errors caused by the underlying physical operations can also be detected and corrected.
But this is useless without computational operations and these operations are themselves error-prone. In encoded logical quantum bits, the stored quantum information is protected from errors.
This is no longer possible for algorithms with T gates.” The physicists demonstrated the T-gate by preparing a special state in a logical quantum bit and teleporting it to another quantum bit via an entangled gate operation. “They are particularly interesting because quantum algorithms without T gates can be simulated relatively easily on classical computers, negating any possible speed-up. “T gates are very fundamental operations,” explains theoretical physicist Markus Müller. “For a real-world quantum computer, we need a universal set of gates with which we can program all algorithms,” explains Lukas Postler, an experimental physicist from Innsbruck.įundamental building blocks for fault-tolerant quantum computing demonstrated. The research team, led by Thomas Monz of the Department of Experimental Physics at the University of Innsbruck and Markus Müller of RWTH Aachen University and Forschungszentrum Jülich in Germany, has now succeeded for the first time in realizing a set of computational operations on two logical quantum bits that can be used to implement any possible operation.
Because the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics forbid copying quantum information, redundancy can be achieved by distributing logical quantum information into an entangled state of several physical systems, for example, multiple individual atoms. Otherwise, errors would propagate uncontrolled in the system and information would be lost. Quantum computers are inherently much more susceptible to disturbances and therefore error correction mechanisms will almost certainly always be required. However, for critical applications, where even single errors can have serious effects, error correction mechanisms based on the redundancy of the processed data are still used. Credit: Johannes Knünz Fundamental Building Blocks for Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing Demonstratedĭue to high-quality fabrication, errors during processing and storage of information have become a rarity in modern computers. Artist impression of gate operations on logical quantum bits, that are protected from faults by means of quantum error correction.
0 kommentar(er)
